Breast Cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bosom Cancer - Research Paper Example Different regions of the bosom can likewise be influenced, be that as it may, this is uncommon. Treatment will likewise fluctuate considering the sort of bosom malignancy and the stage it is in. One can see whether they are a casualty to this malady by getting an assessment by a doctor, a biopsy, a mammography or a ultrasound test. Paces of bosom malignant growth have ascended throughout the years, anyway there are numerous ladies who likewise battle this ailment and make due in America. Men can likewise experience the ill effects of this malady. (society, 2000) Causes of bosom malignancy The specific factor that causes bosom disease is yet to be pinpointed. Certain elements increment the likelihood of the cancer’s event. Some can be controlled and adjusted so as to stay away from the beginning of the malady; though different elements can't be controlled. There are some primary reasons concerning why it happens; Family tree: having relatives, particularly firmly related ladies in the family, for example, an auntie, a sister and so forth who have bosom malignant growth significantly builds the odds of creating bosom disease. Age: as an individual becomes more seasoned, the odds of bosom malignant growth additionally increment. Life history: having malignant growth in one bosom improves the probability of having disease in the other bosom later on, or other various sorts of tumors in a similar bosom. Menstrual cycle: ladies with a cycle that began before twelve or finished before fifty five are progressively defenseless to this infection. Race: dark ladies will in general can possibly keep away from the tumor than white ladies Breast tissue: ladies with a denser bosom tissue when contrasted with others have a higher likelihood of creating bosom malignant growth. Conceiving an offspring: having no kids or having youngsters at an extremely late age can likewise expand the likelihood of bosom malignancy event. Studies show that a breastfeeding mother for a co uple of years has a lesser likelihood of creating bosom malignancy. Weight: hefty individuals have a more noteworthy likelihood of experiencing bosom malignant growth than ladies who have a normal body weight. Utilization of contraceptives: The utilization of oral contraceptives for around ten years or so expands the likelihood of bosom malignant growth event. Exercise: Exercise has been appeared to bring down the likelihood of bosom malignant growth. Liquor utilization: The pace of utilization of liquor and the likelihood of creating bosom malignancy are legitimately corresponding These are the hazard factors that are related in the advancement of disease of the bosom in ladies. Angles, for example, age can't be controlled, as one can't quit maturing, anyway different factors, for example, exercise, weight and liquor utilization and so on can be controlled. (Majure, 2000) Signs, side effects and finding One of the most well-known manifestations of bosom malignant growth is a mass o r knot in the bosom. Different side effects incorporate dimpling or growing of the bosom, areola or bosom agony, or release from the bosom or redness. A social insurance supplier can affirm whether these signs or side effects point towards bosom disease. Mammograms are typically used to recognize bosom diseases. What's more, ladies ought to in any event at forty years old get customary screen shots so as to forestall the sickness or catch it at its previous stages. A clinical bosom test, CBE, ought to likewise be directed in ladies in their twenties or thirties so as to know about the progressions that the bosoms are experiencing just as the beginning stage of the ailment or probability of the ailment. A self-test of the bosom should likewise be possible called a bosom self-test (BSE) by ladies particularly those in their initial

What do you find to admire in the poetry of Christina Rossetti? :: English Literature

What do you find to respect in the verse of Christina Rossetti? Christina Rossetti was conceived on the fifth December 1830 and kicked the bucket in 1894. She was an English writer and a sincere High Anglican, from an Anglo - Italian foundation. She likewise was the sister of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, who was a renowned craftsman. Christina Rossetti could be depicted as one of the nineteenth Century's 'extraordinary odd ladies.' Even however she had an assortment of sonnets, nobody has said she was an 'extraordinary' writer; in any case, the motivation behind why we are so keen on her is on the grounds that she was composing verse in Victorian Britain and center - class ladies were not seen to have any force. The truth that she had even been composing verse was extremely strange, as most females had little rights as of now. The vast majority of her verse communicates unfulfilled otherworldly longing, baffled love and the misery that is spread through her sonnets may be because of miserable relationships in her childhood, or to the evil wellbeing she continually endured. A few instances of this are, 'The point at which I am dead㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦' and 'After death.' These sonnets are clearly about death and her sonnets are some of the time hopeful and discouraging. In any case, essentially by composing verse at this time, she was saying something about how a ton of ladies felt during this period. Something I respect in the verse of Christina Rossetti is that she was straightforward in what she composed. She was not hesitant to communicate individual considerations; for instance in 'A Birthday' she says, 'My heart is like a singing feathered creature.' This is extremely emotional as she ordinarily composes about darker sentiments. Christina Rossetti is additionally not scared of passing on as she has solid strict convictions that reverberation through every sonnet. For model in 'Tune', she communicates that here and there she is looking forward to death and she feels that when she bites the dust she will be a harmony. At the point when she kept in touch with her sonnets, the majority of them were extremely discouraging yet she did, from time, to time expound on satisfaction; for instance the sonnet, which I referenced beforehand, 'A Birthday.' This sonnet is about satisfaction and sentiments of affection that move her. In it, she is very glad and she can't portray how she feels enough. Something else that I respect is that she had the capacity to write in diverse wonderful styles; anthems, works and melodies, among others. Ditties are a straightforward tune and are exceptionally nostalgic frequently with a few stanzas, with a similar beat and cadence. 'Maude Clare' is a case of a Ballad.

Nostradamus and his Quatrains Free Essays

Michel Nostradamus was a sixteenth century French doctor and stargazer who had the figure of a prophet as saw by his devotees. Nonetheless, Nostradamus’ expectations were typically tangled and darken previously supposed anticipated occasion however perfectly clear after the occasion had happened. He composed four-line refrains that were especially insignificant until an occasion had happened; henceforth, the stanza of expectation was considered as â€Å"shoehorned† into a prescience, which can be here and there named retroprophecy of his quatrains or four stanzas forecasts. We will compose a custom paper test on Nostradamus and his Quatrains or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Thus, inside this examination, the conversation plans to connect the ideas of quatrains with Nostradamus’ forecasts. Michel de Nostredame, conceived in December 14, 1503 and kicked the bucket in July 2, 1566, had been considered as one of the legendary soothsayers of prophetic fields. Nostradamus had been his well known name all through ages, and with this, the subject of predictions joins with his name. The French alleged â€Å"prophet† by his devotees was altogether known for his idyllic quatrains that delineate a type of aberrant and muddled forecasts. In any case, the enchantment of his announcement just happens directly after its event. The greater part of his predictions rotated in world state issues yet attempt to disguise their implications with the artistic path in Nostradamus compositions. Conversation Outline on the Concept of Quatrains From the authentic point of view, Nostradamus’ quatrains had been distributed in 1555, which he entitled Centuries. His book contained his dreams and every one of his forecasts about the fate of the world. Nostradamus had the option to conceptualize 10 parts of the book with 100 quatrains present each aside from section 7, which just contained 42 quatrains. Also, the quatrains of Nostradamus didn't show any indications of time or date; thus, the real translations of these expectations got dubious and by one way or another scholarly cut off. The quatrains in his book had this scrambled characters and the game plans of its significance took quite a while before being composed. Most clearly, Nostradamus utilized the artistic idyllic style of four-lines in a section or known as Quatrains. The most obvious attribute of his announcements was the total utilization of interesting expression that made it difficult for the peruser to decipher the expectations at first; nonetheless, these announcements by one way or another mysteriously uncovered their importance directly after the occasion had passed. The quatrains of Nostradamus, as per the book of Cannon (1992), contained dark and outside words wherein underneath had seriously unexplainable translations (4). Albeit some can be deciphered, the vast majority of Nostradamus quatrains had utilized the unclear characters of the announcements so as to hide their actual importance for some time. Gun (1992) included that a large portion of Nostradamus’ articulations had not been deciphered in palatable way up until this point (4). Nostradamus’ quatrains were dubious to the point that they could have applied to numerous potential occasions, or imageries that could be tangled with numerous potential understandings. Nostradamus had the option to keenly mask the importance behind his quatrains so as to befuddle those endeavoring to decipher the predictions before their satisfaction. As upheld by Oliver (2004), Nostradamus’ quatrains were manually written in Old French, which could be hard to interpret (11). Through these cunning abstract masks, Nostradamus had the option to cover the expectations before its event; subsequently, sparing the world from getting ready preceding deplorable occasions or future world debacles. Out of in excess of 900 predictions of Nostradamus, none of them involved date, which further confused the understandings of these quatrains. In any case, regardless of the ambiguous characters and musings of Nostradamus’ quatrains, he had utilized a few examples that could be utilized as aides in understanding his quatrains. Albeit, a large portion of the cutting edge eyewitnesses and perusers didn't considered the utilizations of Nostradamus’ forecasts towards the all around happening occasions.  As for the pioneers of Nostradamus’ forecasts, they had considered the quatrains of Nostradamus’ as expectations of things to come; in any case, from the term itself, an expectation should clench hand be transferred and deciphered preceding the event of the occasions. With the proposed contention of Diamond (2004), after the President Kennedy was shot, everybody got on board with the Nostradamus quatrain fleeting trend and said that through his quatrain, he had plainly anticipated the Kennedy shooting. Notwithstanding, this isn't foreseeing since anticipating implies effectively calling a condition before its event as opposed to utilizing post-hoc thinking to clarify something (161). From his supporting explanation, the expectations of Nostradamus and the dubiousness of his quatrains had some way or another started the idea of retroprophecy or the noteworthy of truth to his prescience simply after its event. Notwithstanding of differing pundits on Nostradamus’ quatrains and expectations it considered, a portion of these were exceptionally and certainly exact. As indicated by Goldberg (1999), the style of forecasts made by Nostradamus could possibly be purposefully being hidden for future presumptions of mediators (218). The retrograde qualities of Nostradamus’ prescience can't be totally considered as because of his aim of concealing it to the perusers, since he had conceptualized this during his time and perhaps without the information on the changing French language. Notwithstanding, contentions would ascend from this explanation, since Nostradamus didn't just utilize Old French language to shroud his prescience yet in addition his non-literal method of communicating his forecasts. Contentions on whether to consider the legitimacy of Nostradamus’ forecasts stirred on account of the retrograde attributes of his expectations. Then again, the riddle of these quatrains was increasingly comprehended in connection with American culture and, as against to the early interpretations, the European culture. As the twentieth century entered in, a portion of the expectations of Nostradamus recaptured its lucidity and application not with the European culture, yet regularly to the United States (for example September 11, 2001 shelling, and so on.). As bolstered by McClaine (2000), Nostradamus had referenced the introduction of various personages who were brought into the world after his passing and the ascent of countries that were obscure or incomprehensibly wretchedly in his day (20). Nostradamus’ expectations may even confronted this character of uncovering itself directly after the situation happened; be that as it may, his quatrains had some way or another extensively anticipated the majority of the occasions happening inside the worldwide setting, most particularly with the American culture; subsequently, the quatrains of Nostradamus provided noteworthy methods for concealing its significance and further uncovering it directly after satisfaction. Nostradamus and his Predictions A considerable lot of Nostradamus’ perusers had since a long time ago endeavored to decipher the predictions in his announcements. Shockingly, even the first interpretations were not as exact as it appears, thus far, no huge changes in the interpretations had been made. Including into the complexities of Nostradamus’ quatrains, the Old French implications possessed been changed by energy throughout the previous 400 years; subsequently, the vast majority of the words can never again be applied to the interpretations of current French.  Two focuses were regular to his forecasts, which were the nearness of purposeful anecdote and profound scholarly mask. As per Ned (1999), the forecasts of Nostradamus used codes, examples and prophets that had been covered in references to the past and shaped in to rhyme of stanzas (8). Nostradamus essentially recorded the predictions that showed up to his reasoning; be that as it may, he had the option to report it appropriately moving forward without any more giving examples by means of spot, time, or occasions. From the mind boggling meaning and assorted potential translations from Nostradamus’ forecasts, it ought to have been simpler if Nostradamus’ demonstrated the dates of his expectations; be that as it may, as bolstered by Halley (1999), Nostradamus himself didn't consider putting it for valid justifications (8). Generally speaking, the vocabularies that Nostradamus utilized inside his expectations were roughly 8,000 words; be that as it may, a portion of these, regardless of comparable methods, were utilized in distinctively in a poetical structure. As upheld by Thurston (2004), a portion of the expectations in his quatrains appear to be unarguable exact, and especially satisfied in his own general public and time (39). Be that as it may, just not many of Nostradamus quatrains would have huge linkage to chronicled occasions. The feeling of uncertainty conundrum despite everything administered the assortment of implications in his anticipating quatrains. A portion of the cynics would consider the forecasts of Nostradamus by either hazardous or altogether obvious. In the feeling of being risky, Thurston (2004) contended that a portion of the articles in Nostradamus’ expectations were difficult to have been conceptualized or even gotten a handle on (for example airplane vessels, weapons, sky-scratch structures, and so on.) 400 years before its genuine event (39). Then again, a similar explanation could be applied to legitimize Nostradamus’ sensible expectations since there were no potential way to get a handle on these thoughts aside from honestly observing them through forecasts (Desrosiers 46). For translations, a few studies in this examination would shield the nearness of example in Nostradamus’ expectations; be that as it may, Welch (2000), contended that Nostradamus’ accentuations were fiercely unpredictable, obviously keeping no specific standard or example (7). There were no examples utilized in any of Nostradamus expectations so as to encourage the noteworthy of his quatrains message simply after the event of the episode. In some viewpoint, Popkin (1992) gave the announcement

What is a Case Study Definition, Common Topics

A contextual analysis, which is an extremely helpful preparing instrument in many firms and business colleges, involves the record of some occasion, issue, or movement that is either envisioned or a genuine situation. As a rule, they give bits of knowledge into the manner in which complexities experienced, all things considered, influence one’s choices. How to appropriately compose it? There are two ways to deal with composing a contextual investigation: expository methodology and issue situated strategy. While the previous attempts to build up what has happened the purpose behind its event, the last spotlights on distinguishing an existent issue, at that point proposing likely answers for it. A guidelines contextual investigation arrangement would as a rule have eight areas as recorded underneath: Official Summary - The motivation behind a paper Discoveries - The issues natural in the situation Conversation - Summary of the serious issues recognized and elective arrangements End - Summary of the essential focuses in the discoveries and end segments Proposals - A choice of the most fitting other options, and support of the purposes behind the decisions Execution - Explanation of what and when certain exercises ought to be completed, and who ought to do as such References - Proper referencing of all sources refered to Informative supplements - Any additional information that is unique and utilized in the content must be shown here. Most Common Topics For the most part, contextual analyses spin around business and firms. Thus, the most widely recognized points that might be best for contextual analyses incorporate disappointment of an organization, the achievement of an organization, Total Quality Management, HRM, Marketing Strategies, Marketing Plan by organization X, Employee fulfillment at organization X, the rundown is unending. Genuine models include: the Ford Pinto Case, Total Quality Management: the Case of Apple Inc., HRM and Employee fulfillment at Nike, and The Failure of Adidas: contextual analysis. End A contextual analysis is a fundamental apparatus in assessing self-execution in contrast with a reality or an envisioned circumstance. By perusing a contextual analysis, the crowd ought to have the option to persuade a few exercises to be scholarly, and the most ideal approaches to maintain a strategic distance from botches or apply the most proper measures in the business world.

SIPA Events Interdisciplinary Talks COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SIPA Events Interdisciplinary Talks COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog SIPA is a very busy place.   Each week there are 10-15 events that feature interesting speakers and panels on a variety of topics.   The following entry was contributed by Erisha Suwal, a second year student at SIPA.   Erisha is working in our office this year and she, along with several other students, will be contributing posts throughout the year. _____________________ While having lunch over lamb and rice with hot and white sauce, my Pakistani friends encouraged me to join them for a talk titled “  Pakistan 2010: The most dangerous decade begins.” The talk was organized by the Center for the Study of Democracy, Toleration, and Religion (CDTR). It is a Center that was founded after SIPA won a competitive grant and its main objective is to examine religion’s role in politics and international relations. The title was very intriguing and only the day before I had had a discussion    on how Pakistan seems to be in a constant state of turmoil. More than any other country. Perhaps even more than Afghanistan.  I joined them. Christine Fair, Assistant Professor at the Center for Peace and Security Studies, Georgetown, was one of the panelists. She was speaking on ‘India and Pakistan in Afghanistan: Opportunities and Constraints.’  She argued that India had a strong interest in staying in Afghanistan especially to monitor Pakistan. She questioned why no one talks about India running intelligence operations in Afghanistan and why no one challenges India when it build schools very close to the Pakistani border. She claimed that the Pakistani Army personnel, particularly those in the lower ranks, want the U.S. out of Afghanistan because they believed that the American presence intensified Taliban presence in Afghanistan. Her talk led to a rich discussion on India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. At the talk, I found out that Terry Eagleton was coming to speak the same evening    on “The New Atheism and the War on Terror.” Eagleton is an influential literary theorist and Distinguished Professor of English Literature at the University of Lancaster, who has written more than forty books. He gave an entertaining and insightful talk. The poster said, seating was on first come first serve basis. Usually I do not follow these warnings, but I’m glad I did this time. The room filled up very quickly and I ran into some SIPA professors. I saw  Mahmood Mamdani, who teaches Political identities, State and Civil Wars in Africa and  Theory, History, and Practice of Human Rightsand Professor  S. Akbar Zaidi was also present. He teaches  Political Economy of Pakistan: State, Society, and Economy. Eagleton started off asking, “Why are atheists obsessed with religion as Puritans are obsessed with sex?”  He commented that Richard Dawkins and Christopher Hitchens, whom he dubbed Ditchkins, were engaged in anti-god diatribe with zero conception of faith and theology. He also argued that rise of Islamic fundamentalism was similar to “chickens coming home to roost.” Eagleton delivered provocative and controversial but witty statements and entertained his audience. CDTR co-organized Terry Eagleton’s lecture with  Heyman Center for the Humanities. I missed going to lectures outside of class. It is easy to immerse oneself in course-works and socializing, Wednesday’s two lectures reminded me of how being in Columbia exposes you to cutting edge discussions in whatever field it might be.

Exit Strategies Research Paper - 275 Words

Exit Strategies (Research Paper Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameProfessorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameCourseDateExit StrategiesIn this case, the exit is required from the action by financial institution to hold extra reserves to increase their profit margins. This trend is influenced by the fact that banks develop the tendency to cash on increased interest rates and an expanding economy (Thornton 1). In addition, the institutions are allowed to increase or minimize their reserves. Increased baking reserves has adverse effects on the economy. For this reason, the Federal Reserve is tasked with the responsibility of analyzing the amount of reserve laced by financial institutions. The strategy is aimed at ensuring the economy is not depleted of financial resources as caused by increased reserves. In an instance where there are large banking reserves, an efficient exit strategy is required.In an argument by Thornton the most efficient exit strategy is paying interests on excess reserves (1). The strategy would require the government to heavily spend in the payoff to acquire the excess reserves. Regardless of the quantity of the expenditure, Thornton asserts that the strategy is the only way that financial institution would agree to not hold excess reserves (1). The author further points out that all exit strategies are expensive but paying interests on excess reserves would be the most functional strategy (Thornton 1). The strategy would also be in consideration that the cost of paying IOER will have to increase with increased interest rates (Thornton 2). This would allow financial institutions to consider the strategy the best alternative.Regardless of the deficit that may be caused on the treasury, the paying IOER exit strategy would ensure tha... Exit Strategies Research Paper - 275 Words Exit Strategies (Research Paper Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameProfessorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameCourseDateExit StrategiesIn this case, the exit is required from the action by financial institution to hold extra reserves to increase their profit margins. This trend is influenced by the fact that banks develop the tendency to cash on increased interest rates and an expanding economy (Thornton 1). In addition, the institutions are allowed to increase or minimize their reserves. Increased baking reserves has adverse effects on the economy. For this reason, the Federal Reserve is tasked with the responsibility of analyzing the amount of reserve laced by financial institutions. The strategy is aimed at ensuring the economy is not depleted of financial resources as caused by increased reserves. In an instance where there are large banking reserves, an efficient exit strategy is required.In an argument by Thornton the most efficient exit strategy is paying interests on excess reserves (1). The strategy would require the government to heavily spend in the payoff to acquire the excess reserves. Regardless of the quantity of the expenditure, Thornton asserts that the strategy is the only way that financial institution would agree to not hold excess reserves (1). The author further points out that all exit strategies are expensive but paying interests on excess reserves would be the most functional strategy (Thornton 1). The strategy would also be in consideration that the cost of paying IOER will have to increase with increased interest rates (Thornton 2). This would allow financial institutions to consider the strategy the best alternative.Regardless of the deficit that may be caused on the treasury, the paying IOER exit strategy would ensure tha...

Admiration Essay - 1098 Words

From the distance I could hear the faint sounds of dogs barking and someone loudly cussing them out. That was my sign; my sisters and I had exactly thirty minutes each day to be free, to sit on the couch and relax or talk on the phone with friends, which werent many since we werent allowed to go anywhere, but those were the thirty minutes we valued the most. And once the dogs barked the freedom would end. For years I heard the same bedtime story every night, the one where my parents would argue for hours until one of them got hurt. I couldnt stand to hear it any longer, and I guess my mother couldnt either, because one day she gave up on†¦show more content†¦They, like every other neighbor we had, seemed to not have much admiration for my father either. As soon as he came around the corner, the dogs screamed every possible ‘word out at him. I believe thats what angered him even more, so by the time he arrived home, we had to have all of our daily chores done, everything in place, and dinner ready and set on the table. Otherwise, we would suffer in his hands. He didnt know how to educate us, so we often got spankings for nothing, not anything I would consider having to spank over anyways. I was the oldest of the three, so Id always felt that it was my responsibility to make sure they had every support they needed and were taken care of. So every afternoon after they came from school, I stopped doing whatever I had been doing to help them with schoolwork, or at night Id make sure they were washed up and in bed. In other words, I would play the parents role. Growing up without parents around was hard for me, so I did everything to make them feel better than I had when I was their age. As I was saying before, when everything didnt go the way he wanted, heShow MoreRelatedHamlets Admiration of Fortinbras Essays617 Words   |  3 Pagestimes, indecisive and hesitant thus he admires the passionate and even violent character of Fortinbras. This passage from Hamlet, one of Shakespeare’s play, portrays the theme of the relationship of thought to action by demonstrating how Hamlet’s admiration for Fortinbras’s dedicated character compels him to make rash decisions in order to fulfill his word. This passage is a soliloquy given by Hamlet, in Act 4 Scene 4, which explains why Hamlet was willing to take drastic measures to avenge his fatherRead MoreMy Life And Admiration For The Healthcare Field998 Words   |  4 PagesMy passion and admiration for the healthcare field began during my teenage years, when I was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis—a chronic, autoimmune disease affecting various joints throughout my body. As I went through years of treatment, my physician and other medical professionals were instrumental in helping me to maintain a positive attitude after my diagnosis. Their care was the impetus for my future goals, as I saw the genuine goodness that they felt from helping others. As a result of allRead MoreSasaeng Fans: Beyond Admiration Essays1803 Words   |  8 Pages You know that you have become an obsessed fan when you start to stalk celebrities everywhere. There are stalking that takes place online and offline for fans. It is a common thing for normal fans to follow celebrities on social networking sites. On the other contrary, sasaeng fans are the ones that take place offline. They will follow a celebrity all the way to their salon, shows, and house. In other words, they willRead MoreThe Great Gatsby: Admiration for Gatsbys Character as Fitzgeralds Novel Progresses950 Words   |  4 Pagespinnacle of admiration for Gatsb y as ultimately, he gave his own life for Daisy’s. One way in which Fitzgerald achieves this gradually change in opinion is through his use or narration. By using Nick Carraway as his reliable reporter of events, Fitzgerald creates an honest and truthful narrator for the readers. Nick himself says, â€Å" I am one of the few honest people I have ever known.† Through this we can see the true opinion of nick on Gatsby and as his views changed, my admiration grew withRead MoreAnna Haywood s The Enormous Admiration And Approval Of Eliza Haywood1396 Words   |  6 Pages In spite of the enormous admiration and approval of Eliza Haywood’s novellas, which at the time of their exact publication were genuine sale rivals to the works of writers such as pope and Swift, traditional scholarship has attached little to no importance to the name of Haywood. Such scholarship, however, is terribly injudicious and ill-advised. As one of the creators of popular literature, especially the influencial and well circulated novel, Haywood i s one of the key figures in Eighteenth CenturyRead MoreThe Middle Ages Gain So Much Fame And Admiration From Others1916 Words   |  8 Pages How did authors in the Middle Ages gain so much fame and admiration from others? Their works had to reflect what ordinary people were going through. They had to use their stories as a form of identity for many. Geoffrey Chaucer had this in mind when writing his most important piece of work, ‘The Canterbury Tales’ and his other pieces of work that gained him the title as the father of English literature . Chaucer’s wrote the tales in the fourteenth century to dwell upon medieval society and to retellRead MoreThe Importance Of Friendship883 Words   |  4 Pagesto individuals but also between peoples, nations, and tribes, as well as organizations. Ringers said that the admiration and respect are essential elements in the foundation of any worthwhile friendship, but some people argued that it is not necessary that friendship is built from admiration and respect because there are stronger factors that lead friendship to be persistent. Admiration and Respect friends are essential to have a strong successful friendship. Friends make up wonderful part ofRead More Emotions in Composed Upon Westminster Bridge and Pied Beauty734 Words   |  3 PagesBRIDGE BY WILLIAM WORDSWORTH AND PIED BEAUTY BY G.M HOPKINS DICUSS THE REASON FOR THE POETS AWE AND ADMIRATION, AND HOW EACH POET EMPLOYED METHODS AND TECHNIQUES TO EXPRESS THESE EMOTIONS. ( This is an AS (6 form/ year 12) essay question) The two poems Pied Beauty by G.M. Hopkins and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge by William Wordsworth are both an expression of awe and admiration. In Pied Beauty Hopkins admires the beauty of the world and Gods creation, the diversity, impuritiesRead MoreAnalysis Of Frank Stocktons The Lady Or The Tiger746 Words   |  3 Pagesglances with her lover , and besides the fact that she may end up with her lover she despises her because she has admiration towards the princess’s lover. To start off, there is evidence to support the claim that the princess chose the tigers door because she has seen the woman behind the door throw flirty glances towards her lover.â€Å"This fair creature throwing glances of admiration upon the person of her lover, and sometimes she thought this glances were perceived, and even returned†(3), says StocktonRead MoreSpielbergs Empire of the Sun882 Words   |  4 Pagesattacking his homeland, China, which is the result of having cultural confusion resulted from colonization. We see his admiration of the Japanese, his nativeness towards the Chinese and his disregards of the English through his words when talking about the War. This results with a differed viewpoint of the war, with his Chinese nativeness, English disregards, and Japanese admiration, than his parents (who have a different viewpoint due to their birthplace. England). His cultural beliefs are quite confusing

Substance Abuse In America Case Study - 780 Words

Substance abuse in America has gone to lengths such as reaching the rural Appalachian culture in West Virginia. Despite the Nationwide crisis and epidemic of 23 million individuals using, misusing and abusing substances West Virginia is currently unable to say that they are safe and that they have not been affected by this epidemic (Carpenter, Mcclellan, Rees, 2016). All types of drugs ranging from medication prescribed substances to street drugs have been reported in just about all areas of West Virginia and substances have been reported reaching this community that once was known as being close knitted, family orientated and inseparable. In simpler terms this means that West Virginia has now become a part of the United States†¦show more content†¦In 2011 a strategic plan was put in place to address the substance abuse crisis that hit West Virginia. Four Goals and one objective was developed that consist of being Goal #1 â€Å"To gather data for the collection of put ting an integrated system in place to illustrate, determine and monitor West Virginiass drug abuse effectiveness†. The objectives to this goal was to utilize the results from the data collection in the assessment process. The outcome of this goal was that all data could be collected and profiles were completed. Goal #2 â€Å"Advertise competent skilled workers whom specialized in recovery maintenance and who can also work with mental health issues†. The objective advertise that skilled workers are provided a continued enhancement of learning constantly. The outcome of this goal was that a monthly training schedule was generated and all staff was asked to participate which assisted them with becoming better leaders. Goal #3 â€Å"add as many as possible of the recovery management services that will in richen the lives of the participants†. The objective to this goal was to promote evidence-based practice and the outcome was that the rate of participants inc reased. Goal #4 â€Å"Gather as much information and data to support stewardship and the creativity of the entire system†. The objective was to establish finance’s andShow MoreRelatedDetrimental Social Problems: Substance Abuse Essays1197 Words   |  5 PagesSubstance abuse is one of the most detrimental social problems found in all societies. It has been the leading cause for generational breakdowns of families and communities, and is probably the most controversial social problem when developing corrective solutions. Substance abuse can be defined as the chemical dependence, or pattern of usage of both legal and illegal substances, that has adverse physical, psychological, and psychomotor effects on the human body. The use of substances does not alwaysRead MoreAddiction Is A Complex Disease978 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand. Substance abuse is very prevalent around the world, and far too over looked. In fact, forty million people ages 12 and older (or more th an 1 in 7 people) have some form of addiction. These addictions involving nicotine, alcohol, or other drugs, and this statistic is just in America alone. This number is more than the number of Americans with heart conditions which is 27 million, diabetes which is 26 million, or cancer which is 19 million (CASAColumbia). Addiction and substance abuse is alsoRead MoreSubstance Abuse - Social Pandemic1653 Words   |  7 Pagescontinues, substance abuse across America has become a very serious social problem. It is mental illness that has an effect on different races, classes and genders. The affects of substance abuse has caused countless of people to feel heartache and develop feelings of hopelessness. 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The issue of child abuse dates all the way back to colonial times in 1809 before organized child protection began. 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Substance abuse, however, is a more value-laden term which implies substance use, probably over time, which is somehow detrimental or harmful. Thus, substance use need

The Presidential Election Is Coming Up And Candidates

The 2016 Presidential election is coming up and candidates are fighting to get votes to be their party’s candidate. Ted Cruz is a Republican Protestant running for President with very conservative values hoping to bring America the change it needs. The Republicans have many people running for office that excite voters’ interest because they are not politicians. Although, Ted Cruz is a politician and stands behind it using his background in politics to gain ground. His political ad â€Å"Blessing† shows him as a man grounded in religious values and will use those values to be the best candidate for President of the United States. Ted Cruz successfully appeals to religious Republicans using different rhetorical strategies to persuade them to vote for him to be the Republican candidate for the 2016 Presidential election. In his political ad ‘Blessing†, Cruz’s audience is religious Republicans and appeals to them through his personal religious beli efs. He is choosing to do this because Republicans tend to have deep roots in faith and more specifically, tend to be Christian, like Cruz. Republicans also value tradition, hard-working citizens, less government involvement, lower taxes, and family values. Cruz shows that he also values all of these important aspects and is persuading his audience that he has the tools to run the United States as a man of religion and will uphold these values. Democrats have held office for the last eight years under the Obama administration and mostShow MoreRelatedPresidential Debate Over Presidential Debates947 Words   |  4 PagesWith the 2016 election in full throttle, Kennedy and Nixon’s presidential debates of 1960 are still very much a part of American democracy. Televised presidential debates have become a backbone in an American election. Although these debates are now considered a norm in American politics, this has not always the case. Even after the first time a presidential de bate was held between presidential candidates from across the aisle, it took another 16 years for another debate to occur. It is highly doubtfulRead MoreSenator Obama And Republican Romney Campaign Money877 Words   |  4 Pagesraised and spent on elections every year in the United States of America. The 2012 election season is recorded to be the most expensive in history thus far. Sheldon Adelson, a billionaire that runs Las Vegas Sands (America’s largest casino company) reportedly contributed $150 million dollars to 2012 campaigns. According to Huffington Post, â€Å"He plans to double his political investments in 2016† (qtd in Mogulescu). Donors of campaign money play a huge part in presidential elections and where there isRead MorePresentation Of The Presidential Election868 Words   |  4 PagesTeam #2 Collaborative Session#1 Task A: Tuesday, November 8, 2016 will be the 58 quadrennial US presidential election. 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The seemingly limitless budget exists for these candidates thanks to the so-called Super PACs (Political Action Committees). These Super PACs are allowed to come up with independent financing for the presidential campaign, sans any budgetaryRead MoreThe Role Of Political Politics On Political Elections1048 Words   |  5 PagesAdam Szymanski Professor Rushboldt Elections in America 12/9/16 The Role of Money in Elections The role of money in political elections has become a topic of curiosity both to political observers and political scientists. There have been a number of studies done in order to find out if money truly does affect the outcome of an election. Some studies have found that there money does not impact the vote while on the other hand there are studies that have come to the conclusion that money does

Essay on Colonial Unity DBQ - 966 Words

Many colonists held a stronger loyalty to their American Colonies than to England by the eve of the Revolution. The battles and trials that they endured gave them an identity and a unity, they had survived through many hardships and any group that does that had some sort of bond. The unique combining of cultures, geography, and the many political ordeals that American colonists had endured provided them with a sense of identity and unity. There was a combining of culture in America that was unique and this mixing that occurred throughout the colonies made it so that the majority could not identify, fully, with the term Englishmen but identified†¦show more content†¦This description of a melting pot is now heard frequently in America to describe its citizens. The cultural assimilation that occurred in the colonies of the New World gave the people a great sense of identity and the unity as all being Americans. Geography was a large part of the disloyalty and disconnection that the colonists felt toward England before the Revolution. England was an entire ocean away, and a government that holds power from thousands of miles away can not be the most effective or efficient. This might have best been said in The Famous Mather Byles: The noted Boston Tory Preacher which is better, to be ruled by a tyrant three thousand miles away, or three thousand tyrants one mile away. The simple fact that England was on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, not a journey that was made easily, made it clear to colonists that they could not reach their potential with a government that could not attend to them quickly and accurately. That is when they took it upon themselves in developing an identity as a separate country that had to be governed by a leader that was at least on the same continent. As Edmund Burke stated in his NotesShow MoreRelatedMath Essay843 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Information on the D BQ The required DBQ differs from the standard essays in its emphasis on your ability to analyze and synthesize historical data and assess verbal, quantitative, or pictorial materials as historical evidence. Like the standard essays, however, the DBQ is judged on its thesis and argument. Although confined to no single format, the documents are unlikely to be the familiar classics (such as the Emancipation Proclamation or the Declaration of Independence), but theirRead MoreEssay on Development of the American Identity Between 1750 and 1776919 Words   |  4 PagesKeum Yong (Andrew) Lee DBQ – Score 8/9 (95) In what ways and to what extent did the â€Å"American identity† develop between 1750 and 1776? Though the American colonists had not achieved a true, uniform sense of identity or unity by 1776, on the eve of Revolution, the progress towards unity and the inchoate idea of an â€Å"American† between 1750 and 1776 is inevitable in both existence and significance. Previous to the French and Indian War, America as a whole had been, more or less, loyal mercantile-basedRead MoreApush Dbqs Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pages2011 DBQ: (Form A) 1. Analyze the international and domestic challenges the United States faced between 1968 and 1974, and evaluate how President Richard Nixon’s administration responded to them. (Form B) 1. Explain the ways that participation in political campaigns and elections in the United States changed between 1815 and 1840, and analyze forces and events that led to these changes. 2010 DBQ: (Form A) 1. 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This question is designed to test your ability to work with and understand historical documents. Write an essay that: Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with evidence from the documents. Uses all of the documents. Analyzes the documents by grouping them in as many appropriate

Treatments for Heroine Addiction Free Essays

Developments in the treatments for heroin addiction have recognized the importance of combining pharmacological and psychosocial interventions to provide comprehensive or holistic intervention and ensure better results. The treatment for heroin addiction also coincides with the stages of addiction so that during the initiation of use and continuous craving for heroin, the treatment is crisis intervention. In the stages of detoxification and relapse, the treatment is cure of heroin addiction, patient care, and cure of co-occurring physical and mental disorders. We will write a custom essay sample on Treatments for Heroine Addiction or any similar topic only for you Order Now In crisis intervention, naloxene is used for non-fatal overdose while methadone or buprenorphine together with cardiopulmonary resuscitation for fatal overdose. In the cure for heroin and patient care, opioid-antagonist drugs such as methadone buprenorphine, naltrexone or naloxone are used as well as a2-adrenergic agonists such as clonidine, lofexidine. Vaccines that prevent the penetration of heroin into the blood-brain barrier are also being developed. In the cure of co-occurring conditions such as depression, HIV/AIDS, or psychosis, the drug treatment depends on effectiveness, combination effects, and side effects. In all these phases, psychosocial interventions through counseling, therapy and community programs as well as prescription and supervision over the drug treatment enhance results. The different treatments for heroin addiction depend on the stage of addiction and the co-occurring condition of the patient. Addiction to heroin develops is four phases. First is the initiation phase with p-opioid receptors and dopamine serve as reinforcements to drug abuse. Second is the continuous use and craving for heroin that involves various neurotransmitters including tc-opioid receptors, dopamine, corticotrophin-releasing hormones, and glutamate. The treatment in the first and second phases is crisis intervention intended to prevent and reverse overdoes. Third is detoxification together with withdrawal phase involving norepinephrene and glutamate. Fourth is the relapse into heroin use after a period of abstinence with norepinephrene and corticotropin-releasing hormones playing a role in brain stress and y-amino butyric acid and glutamate playing an important role in the compulsion towards relapse. Treatment for phase three and four involve cure of heroin addiction by addressing symptoms arising during the detoxification and relapse, patient care to normalize physiological functions, and cure of co-occurring physical or mental disorders. (van den Brink van Ree, 2003a) Crisis intervention involves various interventions. In the case of non-fatal overdose, naloxone, which is a short-acting opioid-antagonist is recognized as effective in the treatment of respiratory depression and even coma in the case of patients experiencing heroin overdose (van den Brink van Ree, 2003b). Administration of naloxene can be made through intravenous or subcutaneous routes since studies show no significant different in results (Clarke, 2001). This supports peer administration of naloxene for heroin addicts in preventing fatal overdose (Lenton Hargreaves, 2000). With regard to fatal overdose, cardiopulmonary resuscitation also helps as an intervention to prevent fatal overdose (Dietze et al. , 2002). However, an effective preventive treatment for fatal overdose is opioid-assisted interventions such as the maintenance of buprenorphine or methadone intake (van den Brink van Ree, 2003b). Cure of heroin addiction involves the initial phase of detoxification that involves withdrawal from the use of heroin and the latter phase of relapse prevention that covers the maintenance of abstinence from heroin. During detoxification, methadone and buprenorphine are the primary pharmacological treatment. Methadone is an orally administered drug while buprenorphine is a sublingually administered drug. A review of studies show that both methadone and buprenorphine offers detoxification treatment benefits but the preference of some studies for methadone is its effectiveness while the preference for buprehorphine is its safety. Currently, there are no patient characteristic standards to determine the choice of medication so that factors such as availability, cost and convenience in administration apply in determining choice of treatment (Bigelow, 2005) Apart from these two medications, a2-adrenergic agonists, clonidine or lofexidine, could also support detoxification. Preference weighs in favor or lofexedine because of the lesser occurrence of hypotension so that this becomes a fitting substitute for methadone when this is not available in the prison context (Howells et al. , 2002). Moreover, increasing the period of detoxification is made through naloxone and/or naltrexone administered without anaesthesia or with heavy or full anaesthesia. Combining naloxone and/or naltrexone with a2-adrenergic agonists would improve and speed-up the detoxification process especially when nearing the maintenance phase. There are withdrawal episodes but these are easier to resolve when occurring in the combined treatment than in the use of a2-adrenergic agonists alone. (Kosten O’Connor, 2003) Administration of clonidine with naltrexone, followed by buprenorphine after stabilization has been found to lead to lesser withdrawal symptoms in patients (O’Connor et al. , 1997). In the case of anesthesia, the combination of anesthetics with drugs remains experimental with some studies finding no significant impact of anesthetics on detoxification (van den Brink van Ree, 2003a). In relapse prevention, the existing treatment uses opioid antagonists, such as naltrexone. However, effectiveness found little evidence from studies because most patients often withdraw from treatment after the withdrawal phase (Kirchmayer et al. , 2002). This means that naltrexone may be effective as treatment in preventing relapse in people committed to continue treatment until complete withdrawal. Naltrexone has also been found to lead to lesser withdrawal effects on pregnant women when compared to methadone (Hulse O’Neill, 2002). There are also other issues arising in the use of naltrexone such as the possibility of inducing depression together with the possibility of overdose upon the discontinuation of this drug treatment (Ritter, 2002). This means the need to inform or warn patients regarding these issues. A developing treatment to prevent relapse are vaccines designed to raise antibodies that stop certain addictive substances such as heroin from penetrating blood-brain barrier and prevent relapse during the phase of abstinence (Bunce, 2005). However, this remains in the experimental stage. In patient care, the purpose is to stabilize the condition of the patient and reduce harm. Patient care could involve maintenance programs assisted by opiods such as methadone or buprenorphine, needle exchange programs, and user rooms. Opioids support treatment when administered in the right dosage and increasing the dosage of opioids could entail better effects (Johnson et al. , 2002) so that together with the provision of psychosocial support, such as counseling, therapy and community programs, effectiveness is ensured together with a lower right of premature withdrawal from the treatment program (Preston, Umbricht, Epstein, 2000). In addition, prescription and supervision over the drug treatment have been found to increase the retention of patients for the completion of the treatment program (Ferri, Davoli, Perucci, 2003). Integrating psychosocial support and supervision with the appropriate combination of drugs and drug dosage constitutes sound patient care for heroin addiction. In the cure of co-occurring physical and mental disorder depends on the condition of the patient. Conditions that can co-occur with heroin addiction are depression, HIV/ AIDS or psychosis. Again, in this area, a combination of pharmacological and psychosocial support interventions is necessary to provide a complete treatment for heroin addiction. The consideration of the effectiveness of drugs, reaction with other drugs, and safety of the combined intake of different drugs together with the physical and mental impacts of the combined treatment deserve consideration in the determination of the particular treatment for heroin addiction of individual patients. (van den Brink van Ree, 2003a) How to cite Treatments for Heroine Addiction, Papers

Capitalism and World Countries free essay sample

Third world countries were seeking ways of making their erms of trade favorable and maximize its benefits from its involvement in international trade. NIEO aimed at overhauling international political and economic order so as to reduce the adverse effects of third world involvement in international trade. NIEO was simply seeking a reversal of the global trading practices institutionalized by the Bretton Woods system. The term was derived from the declaration for the establishment of a New International Economic Order adopted by the United Nations general assembly in 1974. It happened within the framework of North-South dialogue. It is very important from the onset to really excruciate what the New International Economic Order really is and its ramifications especially to the third world in the current global economic order. Primarily NIEO connotes policy directives adopted by the 6-77 with a view of stemming out the wests hegemonic influence in the global economic pecking order. We will write a custom essay sample on Capitalism and World Countries or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The inspiration behind the NIEO can be traced to the came with the Bandung plan where optimism from the newly independent countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America were looking for ways of reforming the global trading and political system. The main aim was to find a framework within which the third world would find the solutions to their problems of underdevelopment within the ideologue of interdependence imposed by the world economy. The crux of this essay is to make an inference whether economic parity between the west and third world countries is possible in the global capitalist system. The begging question has always been whether the world would move towards a more poly-centric economic balance of power or whether it would be locked indefinitely in the cocoon of mono-centrism, with USA as the axis of the estern capitalist camp in their bid to maintain the status quo as pertains to the resources often with inadequate financial remuneration. But as the third world were as passionate as ever about coming up with a new world order the west coalesced behind the so called Washington consensus and met the pro-third world movement with equal passion and desire to maintain the status quo. NIEO was an order that aimed at achieving the following; Ensure that third world countries were able to benefit from extraction of third world resources. Ensure that there was adequate capital flow from the centre to he periphery coupled with infusion of efficient and cost effective technologies in the third world countries. Ђ Rally for a reform of the global order and correct the mistakes arising from the Bretton woods order and institutions . Ensure that the third world got fairer terms of trade in the global trading system, together with reasonable value for exports to the periphery. Enhance the strength of regional organizations within the third world like the EAC, COMESA and others in Asia and Latin America, this was aimed at increasi ng the volume of trade within the third world and improve general conomic and technology transfer engagements within the third world. And also enhance the third worlds right to set up regional marketing and producer organizations. NIEO also aimed at controlling the activities of Multi National Corporations, their activities and their roles as agents of transfer for ecology and capital to third world states. After a detailed study of the objectives of NIEO we can then begin the odyssey in discovering whether NIEO in its entirety was or is international and whether it qualifies to be referred to as an order.

Romeo And Juliet Essays (773 words) - Characters In Romeo And Juliet

Romeo And Juliet Contributions of minor characters to the plot, theme and character development. Minor characters play large roles in contributing to many aspects of plays, movies and stories. Minor characters help bring out attributes of a character that only they can do. Friar Laurence is one of the minor characters who contributes, and furthers the plot by marrying Romeo and Juliet in Act II, Scene VI. Tybalt is another minor character who contributes to the theme of hatred. The Nurse reveals Juliet's character. The minor characters, such as the nurse, Friar Laurence, and Tybalt contribute to the plot, theme of hatred and character elements of the play. Friar Laurence contributes to the plot by marrying Romeo and Juliet. Friar also develops a plan to stop Paris from marrying Juliet, by giving Juliet a potion, however, the plan ultimately leads to tragedy. Friar Laurence decides he is going to marry the couple For, by your leaves, you shall not stay alone/ Till holy church incorporate two in one. (II.vi.36-37) Thus showing how much Friar Laurence cared for Romeo, willing to go behind the parents of both Romeo and Juliet. Friar Laurence was a father figure to Romeo, he was always looking out for Romeo and only wanting the best for him. This is seen when Friar Laurence says to Romeo, These violent delights have violent ends, (II.vi.9) warning Romeo to take it easy with Juliet. Friar Laurence develops a plan for Juliet to refrain from marrying Paris. He decides to make a potion that will put Juliet in a deep sleep for forty-two hours making it seem as if she is dead. Then another Friar will go to Mantua and inform Romeo. Friar Laurence is one of the minor characters who contributes to the plot. Tybalt is one of the minor characters who contributes to the theme of hatred. Tybalt shows he would love to kill a Montague where he says to Benvolio Turn thee Benvolio, look upon thy death. (III.i.64) In every appearance in the play he is looking for a fight with a Montague, at the party This, by his voice, should be a Montague./ Fetch me my rapier, boy. ? (I.v.53-54) and after he challenges Romeo to a sword fight. Tybalt's fight with Romeo leads to the separation of Romeo and Juliet. Tybalt shows his true feelings for Romeo when he tells Romeo, Romeo, the love I bear thee can afford/ No better term than this---thou art a villain. (III.i.59-60) This states that Tybalt has no better way to describe Romeo then, he is a villain. Tybalt is the opposite of Romeo. All of his actions stem from his hatred; where as all of Romeo's actions come from love. Tybalt has a lot of family pride, causing him never to back down from a fight. He tries to show that Capulets are the ones who rule the lan d. If anyone disagrees with that, they will be challenged to a duo. Thus showing us how Tybalt contributes to the theme of hatred. The final minor character, the Nurse, reveals Juliet's character. She loves to play games with Juliet. For example, in act II, scene V, Juliet wanted to know what Romeo had told the Nurse, but the Nurse continued to change topics, teasing Juliet. She also cares a lot for Juliet, even more then her mother. She knows exactly when Juliet was born, unlike Lady Capulet. Nurse brings out who Juliet is interested in by getting her to say ?What is yond gentleman? (I.v.127) The Nurse tells how Juliet feels when she finds out her love has been banished. O, she says nothing , sir, but weeps and weeps; And now falls on her bed; and then starts up, And Tybalt calls, and then on Romeo cries, And then falls down again. This indicates that Juliet could not bear with Romeo being banished from Verona. The Nurse may only be a minor character, however she plays a large part in bringing Juliet's character to life. The minor characters, such as the Nurse, Friar Laurence, and Tybalt contribute to the plot, theme of hatred and character elements of the play. Friar Laurence contributes to the plot by marrying Romeo and Juliet. The Friar also give the potion to

The UC Prompt - A Students Guide

The UC Prompt - A Student's GuideThe UC Prompt sample essay is an excellent guide for students to use. By following the prompts, you can expect to understand how a high school teacher would structure the tasks at the end of each essay. You can also expect the essays to be very readable and enjoyable. The most important task that you should accomplish is that you develop a basic level of understanding as to how the format of the essay will be used and by what means.With the UC Prompt, you will be given the option to work from any chapter of the text or from the menu. Within the menu, you will find the chapter headings which will include: Introductory, Practice, Reading, Discussion, and Conclusion. All of these chapters will have prompts which will help you to structure your essay. Each prompt is the same. However, they may be in either numbered or unnumbered form.The items that appear on the UC Prompt sample essay are highlighted below. When you start at the beginning of the document, you will find a discussion and an introduction. These are the first five sentences that you will see. Each chapter then has two or three main sections, and after that the rest of the document follows. Within these main sections, you will find that there is a section for introduction and the preamble.You will find the UC Prompt sample essay to be a very pleasant read. The practice prompts are a great way to practice for the actual writing. As with any writing project, writing will only ever improve as you become more comfortable. You should be able to write easily and effectively. This will happen as you practice, allowing you to move up from a brief study of the writing guidelines.With the UC Prompt, you will learn about the functions of the chapter headings. If you are taking the assignment, you may want to begin the document with a chapter heading, to introduce the topics and give the ideas. The order of the chapter headings will be determined by the order in which you begin writ ing the document. If you do not want to begin at the beginning, you will want to make sure that the first paragraph of each chapter is considered the first paragraph. After that, you will want to focus on the current chapter and continue with the main body of the document.Some students like to find the prompts while they are online or in the library. However, there are times when you will find that the study guides cannot be found in a bookstore. Many of the study guides that are available online can be printed off. This can help when you have quite a few online notebooks and you are interested in completing several on the same topic. It can also make it easier to organize a paper when you have been working on a prompt for a long time.The UC Prompt sample essay is very useful for students. It is a way to get your ideas down and to learn how to structure your essay. The very first prompt should be easy for you to understand and look over. Once you understand the prompts, you will fin d that your writing is very simple to read and will be a pleasure to write. The UC Prompt makes it easy to get started and will provide you with all the information you need to make your writing interesting and enjoyable.

Free Essays on Themes Of Ernest Hemingways Novels

Themes of Ernest Hemingway’s Novels Few people have had the chance to experience what Ernest Hemingway did. His life was far from boring. Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, and became one of the twentieth-centuries best writers. During his lifetime, he saw five wars, survived four car accidents and two plane crashes, won the Nobel Prize and a Pulitzer Prize. He was married four times and had three sons. In addition, Hemingway wrote six novels and became a great writer. Many critics have said that, â€Å"Half of the 20th century writers have tried to imitate Hemingway’s style, and the other half have tried not to†(Oliver 141). However, as Hemingway aged he was constantly bothered by mental and physical ailments. He died of self-inflicted gunshot wounds in Ketchum, Idaho, on July 2, 1961. His works, nevertheless, lived on. My purpose in this report is to discuss the major themes of Ernest Hemingway’s novels. The first novel Hemingway wrote was The Sun Also Rises, in 1926. Critics said that the book did well for his first novel, and they described it as, â€Å"A satirical picture of the dissolute life of the Lost Generation in postwar Europe†(Hays 54.) The Sun Also Rises depicts life in Paris in the 1920’s. It especially focuses on expatriates who were unhappy with America after World War I, and left the country to find freedom in Europe. Jake Barnes, the main character, was wounded in war and he is searching for a normal life. I think Hemingway is trying to show that Hemingway himself is having trouble finding a normal life after war. Hemingway relates his own psychological wounds to Jake’s physical wounds. The main theme of this novel is war disrupts life and that time period is a lost generation. The Sun Also Rises is â€Å"Probably Hemingway’s best-known novel, certainly the one on which much of his reputation stands†(Oliver 315.) Ernest Hemingway’s second novel, A Far... Free Essays on Themes Of Ernest Hemingway's Novels Free Essays on Themes Of Ernest Hemingway's Novels Themes of Ernest Hemingway’s Novels Few people have had the chance to experience what Ernest Hemingway did. His life was far from boring. Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, and became one of the twentieth-centuries best writers. During his lifetime, he saw five wars, survived four car accidents and two plane crashes, won the Nobel Prize and a Pulitzer Prize. He was married four times and had three sons. In addition, Hemingway wrote six novels and became a great writer. Many critics have said that, â€Å"Half of the 20th century writers have tried to imitate Hemingway’s style, and the other half have tried not to†(Oliver 141). However, as Hemingway aged he was constantly bothered by mental and physical ailments. He died of self-inflicted gunshot wounds in Ketchum, Idaho, on July 2, 1961. His works, nevertheless, lived on. My purpose in this report is to discuss the major themes of Ernest Hemingway’s novels. The first novel Hemingway wrote was The Sun Also Rises, in 1926. Critics said that the book did well for his first novel, and they described it as, â€Å"A satirical picture of the dissolute life of the Lost Generation in postwar Europe†(Hays 54.) The Sun Also Rises depicts life in Paris in the 1920’s. It especially focuses on expatriates who were unhappy with America after World War I, and left the country to find freedom in Europe. Jake Barnes, the main character, was wounded in war and he is searching for a normal life. I think Hemingway is trying to show that Hemingway himself is having trouble finding a normal life after war. Hemingway relates his own psychological wounds to Jake’s physical wounds. The main theme of this novel is war disrupts life and that time period is a lost generation. The Sun Also Rises is â€Å"Probably Hemingway’s best-known novel, certainly the one on which much of his reputation stands†(Oliver 315.) Ernest Hemingway’s second novel, A Far...

16 Substitutes for Because or Because Of

16 Substitutes for Because or Because Of 16 Substitutes for â€Å"Because† or â€Å"Because Of† 16 Substitutes for â€Å"Because† or â€Å"Because Of† By Mark Nichol Many words or phrases can be used to set up an explanation. The most common is because (or â€Å"because of†), but others have their uses. Here are alternatives and a discussion of their uses and their merits. 1. As: As is a direct synonym for because (for example, â€Å"He opted not to go see the movie, as it had gotten poor reviews†), but it’s inferior. 2. As a result of: This phrase is a substitute for â€Å"because of,† not because, as in â€Å"As a result of his intervention, the case was reopened and they were ultimately exonerated.† 3. As long as: This informal equivalent of because is used to express the thought that given that one thing is occurring or will occur or is true, another is possible, in such statements as â€Å"As long as you’re going, could you pick some things up for me?† 4. Being as (or being as how or being that): This phrase has the same sense and the same formality as â€Å"as long as.† 5. Considering that: This phrase is essentially identical in meaning to â€Å"as long as† and â€Å"being as† and its variants. 6. Due to: Like â€Å"as a result of,† â€Å"due to† is a preposition, rather than a conjunction like because, and is used in place not of because alone but instead of â€Å"because of.† It applies specifically to an explanation of why something occurred or will or will not occur, as in â€Å"Due to the large number of applications, we cannot respond individually to each applicant.† 7. For: This substitute for because is reserved for poetic usage, as in â€Å"Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.† 8. Inasmuch as: This phrase is a very formal equivalent of because, as in â€Å"Inasmuch as his account has been discredited, I wouldn’t believe anything else he says.† 9. In view of the fact that: This phrase is identical in sense to â€Å"inasmuch as.† 10. Now that: This phrase informally connotes cause and effect, as in â€Å"Now that you’re here, we can proceed.† 11. Out of: This phrase applies to explanations of emotion or feeling for example, â€Å"She asked out of compassion† or â€Å"Out of spite, I refrained from passing the message along.† 12. Owing to: This phrase is equivalent to â€Å"due to†; the two choices are more formal than â€Å"because of.† 13. Seeing that: This phrase is identical to â€Å"considering that.† 14. Since: This alternative to because is informal and is considered inferior because since primarily refers to elapsed time and the usage might be confused, as in â€Å"Since it had rained, we didn’t need to water the garden†; the reader might not realize until reading the second half of the sentence that the sense is causal rather than temporal. 15. Thanks to: This equivalent of â€Å"because of,† despite the wording, can apply to either a positive or a negative outcome; â€Å"Thanks to your meddling, we’re receiving much unwanted attention† demonstrates the latter sense. 16. Through: Through is a preposition; it takes the place of â€Å"because of,† as in â€Å"Through the efforts of these charities, the city’s homeless services have been reinstated.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterExpanded and Extended6 Foreign Expressions You Should Know

What is the best way to handle on the job conflict constructively Essay

What is the best way to handle on the job conflict constructively - Essay Example There is a popular maxim that says prevention is better than cure. This fact applies also in conflict management in human relationships and teams. It is not always possible to foresee all future sources of conflict, but it is always best to do that which is necessary to avoid foreseeable conflict areas. Experiences inform us that positive constructive conflict handling must be complimented by a secure and supportive organizational environment in which trust and mutual respect are the core pillars in existing relationships (LeBaron 88). On this aspect, people feel comfortable and at ease with each other, and able to express and appreciate differences in opinions and workout a consensus. Conflict prevention requires more of visionary leadership as opposed to reactionary leadership. Conflict prevention skills entail identifying future conflict potential areas and designing a viable and acceptable strategy on how to approach them. Conflict managers should help people in teams stay focused on their goals; to be accommodative to those with a different opinion; participate in decision-making; and train people on consensus building. Constructive conflict management requires that people are able to differentiate personal interests and positions. Personal interests include individual values, needs and motivating factors. Positions define the means an individual uses to achieve personal interests (David and Johnson 37). However, it is not always possible to prevent a conflict. This is largely because life is very dynamic and with it comes surprises. This requires an elaborate and dynamic conflict handling strategy. Equally important, conflict may sometimes serve as important lessons to learn from and help devise objectives and goals that are relatively fair to all players. In relation to this, constructive conflict handling requires a practical

Advocacy-LLM Criminal Litigation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Advocacy-LLM Criminal Litigation - Essay Example These criminal legal professionals help to defend and prosecute particularly in the most serious criminal cases. The legal practitioners in UK have to demonstrate high magnitude of commitment, professionalism and ethical norms since UK has earned high reputation for its criminal justice system on the international level. To guarantee the delivery of high quality of criminal justice in UK courts, criminal advocates have to demonstrate higher advocacy and great technical knowledge skill. The criminal advocates help to ensure that all citizens receive a fair trial in the adversarial legal system, which is the backbone of the nation’s criminal justice system1, It is widely accepted that a huge sum is being spent as criminal legal aid in UK, pubic expects an efficient and effective advocacy from criminal advocates and if any poor standards will definitely not only have an impact on the quality of criminal advocate profession but also on the overall legal profession in UK. The Law S ociety in UK affirmed its pledge to enhancing advocacy norms which it regarded as to be must for the efficient functioning of the criminal justice system in UK. In view of the same, the Law society strongly recommended to create a certification scheme for solicitor advocates with the main spotlight on enhancing the knowledge update and training available to solicitor advocates in UK.... etiquettes for a criminal advocate as for instance, there had been severe criticism in the Milly Dowler3 trail against the counsel in 2011 for the treatment received by the victim’s family when they were in the witness box, and it is an obvious signal that even in criminal cases, antagonist backing has its limits4. The most significant traits of a criminal advocate can be summarised as follows: He should have adequate knowledge and appropriate qualification in criminal law and criminal justice system. The criminal advocate should always work for to safeguard the rights and interest of his client and should have strong fervent for justice. While in court, he should be confident and bold and should have a strong presence and should be capable of intimidating the prosecution. He should be a great performer with emoting talents to attract the jury’s attention and be able to influence them of the defendants’ misery or innocence. He should have more confident and shoul d have conducted many analogues’ litigations and should have good success rate. He should have adequate courage and more capable of facing the judge and cannot be either browbeaten or humiliated. He should have adequate knowledge of how the police functions and should be capable of detecting out facts and clues. He should have sound, deep knowledge in hidden components of law and during court hearing; he should be capable of spring surprises when never anticipated. With a client, a criminal advocate should always be fair in his professional dealings and also be honest and should brief his client the status of the case and what one can anticipate. He should be sociable in character so that he can have good relations with police, other advocates so that he can search for information from them to help his

Stability of Islamic and Conventional Banks

Stability of Islamic and Conventional Banks 1. Ratio Analysis The performance and the stability of banks can be quantified and measured through the analysis of their financial ratios. We can have several hundreds of ratios at our disposal. However, we will use only those that are common, and of some meaning for the analysis of the banks. Also, it is important to note that we should use only major and comparable ratios in order to fully understand the financial position of these banks as compared to all those ratios that may include some vagueness in the research. Mainly five categories of these financial ratios are used to eliminate the vagueness created by redundant use of the financial heads and items from the financial statements. Hence, the five categories are: (CFA 2009, p498): Profitability Ratios Activity Ratios Liquidity Ratios Solvency Ratios Valuation Ratios However, for the banking industry, which is our main concern, we will use only the first four categories, making an exception of the Valuation category. The financial stability department of the State Bank of Pakistan, which is the central bank of this major economy in the Muslim world, and actively involved in the promotion of Islamic Banking, suggests that the financial ratios fairly reflect the stability, health and the performance of the banks. Hence, these ratios can be used for our purpose. 2. Z-score Instead of just doing the Financial Ratios Analysis, we should also do the analysis of the banks insolvency risk, which is measured by the z-score. This will be done for both the categories of banking systems: Islamic Banks; as well as the Commercial Banks. The statistic based on z-score is calculated with the help of the data on the banks expected profits, the riskiness or the variation in such profits and the capital base of the bank. In other words, the following variables help to calculate the z-score and test it, we need the profit margin, its likelihood of occurrence and the shareholders equity available to compensate in case of the negative margins (losses). A z-score represents the number of standard deviations by which the return on asset have to decrease in order to incur a loss (a negative return). Z-scores can be measured by the following formula: z = (ROA+CAP)/ÏÆ' (ROA) where: ROA (Return on Assets) = Net Income / Total Assets; CAP (Capital to Asset Ratio) = Equity / Total Assets; and ÏÆ' (ROA) = standard deviation of return on assets (proxy for the variation of return). According to the formula, the higher z-score means that the equity base and the return added on it is much higher than the potential risk to the earnings as measured by the standard deviations. Hence, such usage of the z-score testing as the test for measuring risk is recommended by many researches in the field. By the definition of the z-score here, it can be said that it directly relates to the probability of a banks insolvency. It is necessary to evaluate and understand the extent to which Islamic banks are risky as compared to conventional banks. Z-scores will play an integral role in helping us identify the risk profile of Islamic banks. 3. Regression One of the most extensively used statistical measure of conformity is the use of regression and correlation. The extent to which two different datasets match in terms of moving together is evaluated by a regression analysis. This context will look closely at how the dataset we obtained for Islamic and conventional banks will be moving in tandem with the GDP and inflation (CPI) of their respective countries. A pooled regression test will be used to perform the respective tests and statistics generated from the regression such as the R-squared value will be used to make judgments on the relationship between the profitability and growth of Islamic and conventional banks with respect to their national growth and inflation. This test is extremely as it is crucial to understand the synchronization of growth of these banks with their national economies. It would be difficult to make pre-assumptions about either Islamic or conventional banks however, it has generally been seen that while conventional banks were wiped of several billions of dollars, Islamic banks stood their ground and even grew in some countries. Thus, bearing this in mind, a pooled regression test will enable us to identify the polarity of growth of Islamic and conventional banks with their respective economies. Chapter Four: 1.1 Financial Ratio Analysis: Financial statement analysis involves comparing the firms performance with that of other firms in the same industry. In this research, we are comparing banks with banks but having two categories within the banking industry: Islamic banks and the conventional banks. Ratio analysis also involves evaluating trends of the financial position of the firm over a time period. The ratio analysis of the firms financial statements helps the management of the firm to identify problems and deficiencies and then to take actions to try to improve performance. It also helps the decision makers to make operational as well as strategic decisions that would help the firm over a long period of time. Financial statements mainly comprises of the balance sheet, the income statement and the cash flow statement. The balance sheet and the cash flow statement both report the firms position at a given point of time. It gives the situation in which the company is standing at that point of time. And the income statement tells about the performance of the companys operations over a certain time period, usually a year. In other words, the financial statement analysis is useful to help anticipate the future conditions and as a starting point for planning actions that will improve the firms future performance. But with these lengthy and complicated financial statements, it is really time consuming for the decision makers and other stake holders to confer something. Hence, the financial ratios are used to help evaluate the financial statements. These ratios are taken from the break down elements of the financial statements. These ratios are easy to read and understand rather than the whole financial statements. Profitability Ratios Profitability is what every firm is seeking. The higher the profitability, the better is the performance of a bank. The profitability ratios show the combined effects of the liquidity, the asset management, and debt on the operations of the company as the profit is what comes out in the end of the income statement and this profit is what is mainly desired by the ownership and the management of a firm. One of the most important and most often looked at category of the ratios is the profitability ratios. These ratios are integral in that they help us estimate the degree to which revenues are converted into profits. A bank may be earning extremely high revenues in comparison to its competitors however, its profitability may be low signifying a lower efficiency. On the other extreme, a low earning bank may have a higher profitability signifying a greater efficiency. Thus, it is important to compare the relative profitability of the two bank streams and analyse them over several years data. Return on Assets: The performance of the firm is often and most commonly looked at through the ratio of net income (return) to total assets. In simple words, return on assets shows that what the company is getting out as net profits from its investment in the assets of the business. The assets in a companys statements are valued on the basis of original cost. Furthermore, the total return is usually the sum of the net income and the interest paid if any on the borrowings, as it is assumed that the assets may be financed by the borrowings. Banks also do have assets employed in their business, including the loans they have offered to the customers. The return is usually the spread between the rate of borrowings and deposits, which is net of all expenses incurred. In case of Islamic banks, the net income is the net profit earned from the investments through different financial instruments such as mudarbah, murabaha, musharakah, ijarah, etc. and the assets of the Islamic banks also comprise of the investments in different schemes through Islamic modes of financing. It can be seen from the graph that the conventional banks experienced a rise in the ROAA (Return on Average Assets) during the booming period from 2002 till 2007. However, in 2007, it started to decline and has been declining since. But, during this same period, ROA for the Islamic Banks have been rising on average. Although, the financial crisis in 2007 hit both banking systems, Islamic banks experienced a relatively lesser impact. It has fallen from 2.6 in 2007 to around 2.1 in 2009. The conventional banks on average were at their peak in 2006 at almost 2.5 and since then, its been falling and has reached 1.6 in 2009. The overall decline of the conventional banks is far greater than the decline in ROAA of the Islamic Banks. Return on Equity: Shareholders, the real owners of the company, are mainly concerned about the return on the equity they have invested in the business. They need to know the profitability of their investment in the company. Hence, the net profit of the company is measured as a ratio of the equity the shareholders have invested in this ratio. The main difference in the return on assets and the return on equity is that usually, the assets are financed by both the investors (such as shareholders) and the lenders (such as the banks); and the equity reflects only the investment by the shareholders. Hence, this measure shows the rate at which the company is returning the investment to its shareholder (in absolute terms and not in cash terms, as cash is paid out in form of dividends). In terms of the banks, the equity will be the shareholders money that they have invested in the bank to make it running. This will not include any loans that the banks management has obtained for its operations or assets. If this measure is giving out high results, it means that investing in a bank as a shareholder is a profitable venture. It can be seen from the graph that from our sample of banks, the conventional banks are slightly returning a better amount than the Islamic banks especially after the crisis of 2007. In this regard, we can say that the Islamic banks have taken a bigger impact as their average Return on Average Equity (ROAE) have fallen from 25 in 2006 to around 11 in 2009 as compared to conventional banks having 26 in 2006 and falling to around 16 in 2009. There can be several possible reasons for such results. It could be that after the crisis, the investments in equity for the Islamic banks have risen, or fallen for the conventional banks. It may be possible that the investors have seen Islamic banks as a safe haven and have taken out their money from conventional banks and put it into the Islamic banks as its equity. However, it could also be possible that with so many closures in the conventional banking, the competition is thinned out and the remaining banks are making higher profits than they would have been when there was more competition. There may be one or more explanations for such results however, the most popular of these is that the very basis that caused the credit crunch crisis was not influential in the operations of an Islamic bank and thus left them unscathed to a great extent. Efficiency Ratios: Efficiency of a company can be measured in many different ways. One of the basic indicator of efficiency is that how much of the earnings are used up as expenses. The ratio of expenses to earnings shows how much is the company efficient. If the ratio is low, then it is considered to be very efficient. If its high, then there must be some problem with the company. If it is high for the whole industry, then it can be seen that the industry is not very profitable. If the ratio is near to one, it signifies serious problems for a company, be it a bank or not. This is because if the earnings and expenses are closer to each other, then there is little room for the profits and denotes that the bank is not able to manage its operations efficiently leading to a very small net profit margin. This would definitely put off investors and is highly undesirable. Hence, the lower the ratio, the better it is. It can be seen that this ratio is quite low for the conventional banks as compared to the Islamic banks, especially after 2004. The conventional banks efficiency is being steadied even during the financial crisis. The expenses are hovering to around 40 percent of the earnings, which is reasonably lower than for the Islamic banks. When looking at the Islamic banks, the expenses rose from 40 percent in 2004 to 80 percent in 2005 and slowly falling back to 60 percent during the financial crisis but staying there during 2009 as well. Hence it is also possible to see that the Islamic banks efficiency have improved during this period as this ratio has fallen significantly. However, in this regard, the Islamic banks are not as efficient as the conventional banks. But we will also not ignore the fact that our sample does not represent the whole Islamic banking industry or the conventional banking industry and the results may be completely different for different samples. Assets Turnover (a type of Activity Ratio): The asset turnover ratio indicates how hard and efficiently the firms assets are being put to use. It is also known as the sales-to-assets ratio. It shows that what each dollar of assets has produced in terms of total revenue (or sales). â€Å"Sales† in the banking industry has different names. For conventional banks, the net interest income is used instead of sales. This is the interest earned from lending minus the interest given out on deposits. However, for Islamic banks, the interest-free system, the net profit on investments of different modes of Islamic finance is used as revenue. This is the major differing element of the income statements of the two systems. From the results of this ratio, it can be seen that the Islamic banks and the conventional banks have a very close and similar trend before the financial crisis as the asset turnover keep on rising till 2006. However, this is worth noting that the ratio for Islamic banks remained a bit higher than that of conventional banks. After the 2007 crisis, the conventional banks asset turnover fell sharply from around 0.08 in 2006 to around 0.055 in 2009. Whereas for Islamic banks; this ratio fell from around 0.089 in 2006 to 0.08 in 2009. Hence, the turnover for Islamic banks was not much affected by the crisis. This result may prove worthwhile to note that Islamic banks were having less risk during the financial crisis than the conventional banks. Though insignificant at the moment, this can be an important dimension in future studies involving Islamic banks and conventional as it provides insight into the risk profile of Islamic banks viz-a-viz conventional banking. Financial Leverage: Solvency ratio shows the financial leverage of a firm. When a firm requires money more than the equity it has risen from its shareholders and from within the business, it needs to borrow. This borrowing can be from anyone including the bank. However, usually it is required to give out fixed rate as interest payment regardless of whether that money is properly utilized and gained from or not. Whether the company is in profit or loss, the interest payments on the debt has to be given out. If the profit is high, the shareholders gain as the leftover profit after interest payments goes to them. However, in case of loss, the shareholders bear the burden as well because the interest payment still has to be paid. Because of this debt increasing the profit rate to shareholders in good times and reducing it in bad times, this debt is said to create financial leverage. Debt to Equity Ratio: The debt to equity ratio is a clear measure of the percentage that a company is indebted to the external sources. It gives out the rate at which the debt is as a multiple of the equity. If the debt is less than the shareholders equity, than this ratio would be less than 1. But if there is more external debt than internal equity, than this ratio will exceed 1. And this could be really problematic for a company. However, in todays world, high debt to equity ratio is considered normal. For a bank, whether a conventional bank or an Islamic bank, this ratio just indicates the ratio of the actual owners to the external lenders. However, in case of crisis, it is usually seen that the banks to go out of the business first had a high debt to equity ratio. Islamic banks usually tend to have lower debt indebted to them. As their core principle of interest free banking may not be fulfilled if they take on debt on interest. So all the debt they have is interest free and such type of debt is difficult to obtain. However, according to the result of this ratio here shows that Islamic banks debt to equity ratio rose significantly during 2004-2005 and was nearly equal to conventional banks ratio, but then it steadied around 1.6 during the financial crisis and after it. On the other hand, during this time period this ratio for conventional banks rose to 2.6 in 2007. And then the effect of the crisis took over and it fell to around 2.1 in 2009. It can be realized from this result that the shock of the crisis made the conventional banks realized that they have stretched too far from how they should be financing themselves. Hence, either they started to pay off their debts to reduce the risk of bankruptcy or the lenders started to get strict control over them. On the other hand, the Islamic banks were more relaxed as they did not have high debts to fear from and continued keeping a similar debt to equity ratio. Liquidity Ratios: Liquidity ratios are the indication for the company to know how much current assets there are to deal with the liabilities. In case of the banks, it shows how much loans are there to give out from the deposits available. Total Loans / Total Deposits: Banks give out loans to the customers (borrowers) are assets as they are receivables. Whereas, the deposits taken from the customers (depositors) are liabilities as they are payables to the depositors upon their request. Deposit is the property of the depositors; hence its the liability on the bank to pay the depositors back their money. This ratio for banks is similar to the current ratio used for other firms. It is similar to the ratio of current assets to the current liabilities. Hence, we can see that for Islamic banks, this ratio is lower than that of the conventional banks. This may be because many different financial instruments are used to finance those who want the funding. So many Islamic banks may not show all the investments as current assets or loans in this case. Also, it may be possible that perhaps a higher profit rate is charged by the Islamic banks as compared to the interest rate charged by the conventional banks and people are reluctant to fulfil their financing needs from Islamic banks in order to avoid higher rates to pay back. As the Islamic banks are growing and gaining consumer confidence, it may also be possible that the people are depositing their savings in Islamic banks much more than they are using its money for their financing needs, for a time being. Here, it is worth noting that the financial crisis did not affect this rate significantly for both the banking systems. Total Loans / Total Assets: As discussed above, total loans can be termed as current assets as they are the receivables. Hence, this ratio is about how much part of the total assets is this receivable loan. For the sample on hand, it is worth noting that the loan to total assets ratio for the conventional banks have slowly declined during the years and not affected significantly by the crisis. However, in the same time period, this ratio for Islamic banks has risen slowly. This may show that other assets for Islamic banks have reduced as compared to main current receivable assets. Growth Analysis: Growth analysis is the analysis used to measure and compare the growth rate of a company for different heads of accounts. It could be growth in sales, growth in assets, growth in liabilities, etc. Deposits Growth: First of all, we will look at the growth of the deposits. Although the deposits for banks are the liabilities, it shows the demand for the bank by the customers. If more and more customers start depositing in a bank, the bank is said to be growing in terms of customer base. In other words, the demand for the bank is rising. From the graph taken from the sample, it can clearly be seen that the growth rate of deposits have risen sharply for the Islamic banks. However, there is a major dip after the financial crisis from 35% to 25% in 2008. But after that, it has risen back to around 34% in 2009. In case of the conventional banks, there has been a growth in the deposits, but much slower than the Islamic banks. Also, there is a major dip in growth rate from around 24% in 2006 to around 11% in 2007. And moreover, the recovery that Islamic banks have shown after the crisis was nowhere to be found in our sample of conventional banks. The deposit growth rate rose from around 11% in 2007 to just around 14% in 2009 as compared to 34% for Islamic banks. Equity Growth: The equity growth directly shows the investors (shareholders) confidence as the deposit growth showed the customer confidence in the bank. Hence, it can be said that this ratio directly measures the success of a bank because if the bank is getting success, the shareholders (investors) will be putting in more money as equity to get higher returns in terms of profits. For our sample of the banks from the two systems, we can see that there are ups and downs during the sample time period. Initially, both the conventional banks and the Islamic banks equity growth have risen till 2005. But much before the crisis happened in 2007, there was a fall in investors confidence since 2005 for the conventional banks. This has been shown by the sharp decline in the equity growth from around 49% in 2005 to a mere 12% in 2007 for the conventional banks. But after that there was a sharp increase next year and then it again fell in 2009. But when we see at the Islamic banks, their equity growth was at its highest during 2006 and 2007 at around 55% when this rate was having a free fall for the conventional banks. However, the equity growth rate for Islamic banks also had a major drop in the aftermath of the crisis in 2008 when it dropped to around 22% but then bounced back in 2009. It is worth noting that the growth rate for the last year have increased for the Islamic banks and decreased for the conventional banks, thus setting out a trend for investors confidence in favour of the Islamic banks. From this financial ratio analysis, it can be observed that the Islamic banks were affected lesser than the conventional banks. 1.2 Z-Scores In this case, z-score is the test for financial stability of the two systems. Conven z-score Islamic z-score Overall Avg z-score 2002 7.046525 11.84681784 9.446672 2003 5.77853 4.605240229 5.191885 2004 10.33028 4.238655854 7.284467 2005 8.640415 4.21893723 6.429676 2006 10.80977 9.34741143 10.07859 2007 7.954082 12.91780713 10.43594 2008 6.356607 4.69090727 5.523757 2009 6.103882 5.737315593 5.920599 Avg 7.877512 7.200386572 7.538949 The table above shows the summary of z-scores for both the banking systems and the overall z-score as an average of both. There are some surprising results here. The z-score for Islamic banks is a little less than that of the conventional banks even though the results of the financial ratio analysis showed that the Islamic banks were exposed to less risk as compared to the conventional banks during this period, especially the period of financial crisis. In other words, the conventional banks are a little more financially stable than the Islamic banks. Looking at the trend of the z-scores during our sample time period, the graph shows that on overall, conventional banks z-score was higher thus showing that they were more insolvent as compared to the Islamic banks. However, it can be seen that there was a fall in z-score before and during the crisis in 2006 and 2007 for conventional banks and only during this period, the Islamic banks were less risky. However, the dip in the aftermath of the crisis for the Islamic banks showed that they became riskier especially after the crisis in 2008 and 2009. It is worth noting here that in 2009, the z-score for the conventional banks has a downward trend and for Islamic banks, it is rising. Hence, in the future, it may be predicted when the things get stabled that the Islamic banks would become less risky and more financially stable. Conventional Islamic ROA Equity/Assets Z-Score ROA Equity/Assets Z-Score Average 2.03 0.08 7.88 2.10 0.10 7.20 In the table above, the average results are shown. There is a higher return on assets for the Islamic bank during the period on average, and also a higher share of equity in assets as compared to the conventional banks. However, the z-score on average is lower for Islamic banks as compared to the conventional banks thus telling that even though there is less ROA and equity share in the assets for the conventional banks, they are more stable financially and have lesser risk for solvency. However, as mentioned earlier, there is a rising trend for the Islamic banks at the moment. Hence, once the dust settles down, we can have a clearer picture of the future of the two systems. However, the slight variations in the z-score do not differentiate the financial stability of the two banking systems by very much. Hence, it would be unwise to conclude something here at this point of time. 1.3 Regression Analysis Overall Regression: SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.803713 R Square 0.645954 Adjusted R Square 0.173893 Standard Error 1.94228 Observations 8